Major odour sources
Odour issues can be a significant problem, particularly in densely populated urban areas where pollution, waste, and other environmental factors can contribute to unpleasant odours. Some of the major sources of odours include:
Industrial Management
Industrial emissions: The industrial sector is large and rapidly growing, which can be a major source of odours and other air pollutants. Industrial emissions can include a variety of odorous chemicals, such as sulfur dioxide, ammonia, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Industrial obnoxious odours produced due to the gaseous emissions have been a cause of concern; as they are one of the foremost contributors to the increase in the levels of environmental pollution. The various process industries such as petrochemical, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, tanneries, etc though major contributors to the economy of the country, have the disadvantage of emitting highly obnoxious odours. These airborne gaseous emissions are of main concern due to their high mobility, since such shifty pollution causes losses, as public places cannot be developed in the affinity of such plants.
Landfills and waste management
In many parts of India, waste management is a significant challenge, and open dumping of garbage is common. This can lead to the release of obnoxious odours from decomposing organic waste and other sources.
Agriculture and animal husbandry
India is a major agricultural producer with a large livestock population. These activities can contribute to odours from animal waste, fertilizers, and other sources.
Traffic and transportation
India's rapidly growing transportation sector, particularly in urban areas, can contribute to traffic-related odours from vehicle emissions, fuel spills, and other sources.